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Detail of trilingual relief of Darius, Bisitun, Iran. This relief is the equivalent to cuneiform of what the Rosetta Stone represents to the understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphics. Carved into a cliff above an ancient road in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains, it tells the story of the reign of Darius I, who ruled Persia from 521 to 486 BC. The same text is repeated in three languages, Old Persian, Elamite and Babylonian. In the 1830s and 1840s A British army officer, Sir Henry Rawlinson, had the inscriptions transcribed and was able to translate first the Persian, and later with the help of others, the Elamite and Babylonian texts. The carvings are high above the road and are in fact illegible from it. It is believed that Darius' main concern was to make the reliefs proof from tampering by siting them in a relatively inaccessible position.
Unique Identifier
AR9399724
Type
Image
Purpose
Public
Size
5156px × 3386px
Photo Credit
HIP / Art Resource, NY
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Tags
5TH CENTURY BC
6TH CENTURY BC
ANCIENT SITE
Archaeological Site
Archaeology
archeology
ART
ARTS
bisitun
Cliff
CLIFFS
color
country
CUNEIFORM
DARIUS I
Darius I the Great (550-486 BCE)
geographical feature
Geography
Henry Rawlinson
Inscription
iran
Iranian
king
LOCATION
MONARCH
People
PERSIA
Persian
Photograph
Rawlinson
Relief
Rock
rock face
royal
Royalty
Sculpture
SHARP
Sir Henry Rawlinson
SOVEREIGN
Spectrum1
STORY
TGN
Translation
Vivienne
VIVIENNE SHARP
VS
VSP